Ser, Estar i Haber

CZASOWNIKI: SER /ESTAR/ HABER:

Czasowniki ser, estar, haber są nieregularne i często występują w hiszpańskim.
Różnice między ser i estar

Czasownik ser w czasie teraźniejszym:

Yo soy / ja jestem
Tú eres / ty jesteś
Él/ella/ es / on/ona jest
Nosotros/-as somos / my jesteśmy
Vosotros/-as sois / wy jesteście
Ellos-as son / oni są

Użycie czasownika ser:

1.Identyfikuje osobę.

  • Ella es Ana y él es Juan. / To jest Ana i to jest Juan.
  • Este edificio es un palacio./ Ten budynek to pałac.

2.Zawód.

  • Mi padre es médico. / Mój ojciec jest lekarzem.
  • Elena es profesora. / Elena jest nauczycielką.

3.Narodowość/pochodzenie.

  • Jorge es de Barcelona. / Jorge jest z Barcelony.
  • Pilar es española. / Pilar jest Hiszpanką.

4.Opis osób i rzeczy.

  • Mis hermanos son altos. / Moi bracia są wysocy.
  • La clase de literatura es interesante. / Zajęcia z literatury są interesujące.
  • Mi piso es pequeño. / Moje mieszkanie jest małe.

5.Przynależność.

  • Las gafas son de Juan. / Okulary są Juana.
  • Nuestras maletas son aquellas. / Tamte walizki są nasze.

6.Definicje.

  • ¿Qué significa la palabra orgullo? que es arrogante. / Co oznacza słowo duma? To, że jest arogancki.

7.Pytanie o cenę.

  • ¿Cuánto es? Son 20€ / Ile to kosztuje? 20 €

8. Pytanie o datę.

  • Qué día es hoy? Es lunes. / Jaki dzisiaj jest dzień? Jest poniedziałek.

9.Czas.

  • ¿Qué hora es? Son las cinco. / Która jest godzina? Jest piąta.
  • Es de día, es de noche. / Jest dzień, jest noc.

 

Czasownik estar w czasie teraźniejszym:

Yo estoy
Tú estás
Él/ella está
Nosotros/-as estamos
Vosotros/-as estáis
Ellos /-as están

Użycie czasownika ESTAR:

1. Przestrzeń i czas.

  • Las entradas están en la mesa. / Wejściówki są na stole.
  • ¿Está María en casa? / Czy María jest w domu?

2. Stan.

  • Carlos está enfermo. / Carlos jest chory.
  • Los chicos están nerviosos. / Chłopcy są zdenerwowani.
  • Mi padre está calvo. / Mój ojciec jest łysy.

CZASOWNIK HABER:

To czasownik często używany w języku hiszpańskim; jest nieregularny, używamy go w trzeciej osobie  (forma bezosobowa): hay

Użycie HAY:

Aby odnieść się do istnienia osoby, zwierzęcia, przedmiotu lub miejsca.

  • Hay mucha gente. Jest dużo ludzi.
  • ¿Hay por aquí una farmacia? Czy jest gdzieś tutaj apteka?
  • Hay cervezas en la nevera. Piwa są w lodówce.
  • Allí hay un payaso. Tam jest pajac.

Nigdy nie używa się ‘hay’ z zaimkami el/la/los/las, ani zaimkami dzierżawczymi (mi/mis, tu/tus, su/sus, nuestro/-a/-os/-as, vuestro/-a/-os/-as).

  • En mi barrio hay un estanco. W mojej dzielnicy jest zalew.
  • En mi barrio hay estancos. W mojej dzielnicy są zalewy.
  • En esta ciudad hay mucha gente. W tym mieście jest dużo ludzi.
Instituto Cervantes
Certificado Escuela ELE segura COVID-19
Course feedback | Spanish school in Granada
Just came back from a two week stay at iNMSOL. The trip to Granada and the whole experience of the city and your school was absolutely fantastic. I got everything and more I wished for from the studies at iNMSOL. Just short of two weeks is not a long time... Czytaj dalej...

Hlynur Jónasson

iNMSOL
5
2019-08-22T10:23:24+02:00

Hlynur Jónasson

Just came back from a two week stay at iNMSOL. The trip to Granada and the whole experience of the city and your school was absolutely fantastic. I got everything and more I wished for from the studies at iNMSOL. Just short of two weeks is not a long time but I was really happy with the outcome. The confidence is there now and I can´t wait to start learning more spanish. My teacher Mara was superb and all the staff was really helpful and friendly. I am happy to recommend iNMSOL to all future students. Thank you very much.
Course feedback – Spanish school in Granada
I stayed here one month and a half for an internship from my university and I liked it to collaborate and see how my fuction as an administrative worker is at a spanish school, for example how to manage arrivals and how to organize accommodations for students, I did translations... Czytaj dalej...

Valentina Bazzoli

iNMSOL
5
2019-08-22T10:26:18+02:00

Valentina Bazzoli

I stayed here one month and a half for an internship from my university and I liked it to collaborate and see how my fuction as an administrative worker is at a spanish school, for example how to manage arrivals and how to organize accommodations for students, I did translations for web publications and all the activities which are related to the school like lessons about music or literature, tutorials about grammar, cinemas, walk through the city and the excursion programm (Sevilla, Córdoba, Alpujarras and Almuñecar on the costa tropical) at the weekends. Granada is also such a beautiful city, in many ways, so I recommend to stay here to learn a new language like Spanish while you move to Granada.
Course feedback – Spanish school in Granada
Hello! As you see, I am writing from Istanbul to tell you something. I went to Granada to learn Spanish one year ago. I went to a school that is called iNMSOL. I liked it a lot... the school was very good and it suited me very good.. my teachers... Czytaj dalej...

Selim Sarica

iNMSOL
5
2019-08-22T10:30:05+02:00

Selim Sarica

Hello! As you see, I am writing from Istanbul to tell you something. I went to Granada to learn Spanish one year ago. I went to a school that is called iNMSOL. I liked it a lot... the school was very good and it suited me very good.. my teachers were excellent, the course was interesting and my friends were very sympathic. So much to write and I have not yet said anything about GRANADA... Granada was very nice and historic.. The truth is that GRANADA is a city which is FENOMENAL. Everyone knows that THE ALHAMBRA is in Granada,, I hope everything is good for iNMSOL and GRANADA. I miss it. I desire to see them! Hugs and kisses!
Course feedback – Spanish school in Granada
It makes me very happu, when I look back at my time studying at iNMSOL. Not only  because of thfeedbacke beautiful memories of Granada (and Andalusia in general), but also because of the friendly atmosphere off the school. Studying at iNMSOL didn´t felt like working, but it was a pleasure... Czytaj dalej...

Vincent Nijman

iNMSOL
5
2019-08-22T11:08:30+02:00

Vincent Nijman

It makes me very happu, when I look back at my time studying at iNMSOL. Not only  because of thfeedbacke beautiful memories of Granada (and Andalusia in general), but also because of the friendly atmosphere off the school. Studying at iNMSOL didn´t felt like working, but it was a pleasure to do..
Course feedback – Spanish school in Granada
The school was very good. I have met a lot of sympathic people again, teachers and students, in a nice environment. I also worked a lot and I think that I made a lot of progress. I started with speaking a little bit of Spanish for the first time. I... Czytaj dalej...

Michael Barrett

iNMSOL
5
2019-08-22T11:17:35+02:00

Michael Barrett

The school was very good. I have met a lot of sympathic people again, teachers and students, in a nice environment. I also worked a lot and I think that I made a lot of progress. I started with speaking a little bit of Spanish for the first time. I have to continue study Spanish in France. I will come back another day to finish where I started. I loved Granada. The city was very well with a lot of history and culture. I visited the Alhambra en Albaícin and both were magnificent.  I also went to Sierra Nevada, I skied a little but, but the weather was bad. I have to return another time to see the mountaint with the sun and the blue sky. I also went to Malaga and Marbella in the weekends with my car and it was a marvelous weekend. I visited the old town of Marbella and the old town of Mijas aswell. Those two are very beautiful. I especially loved the nightlife and Tapasbars of Granada. Every night I went to the bars. I drank Spanish beer and eated tapas, ham, cheese, tortillas, pealles etc. The environment in the bars was perfect.   
Course feedback – Spanish school in Granada
Be in Granada and know the Alhambre were realizations of my dream, but not as important as the fact of passing 2 offical exams (one about business and one about tourism). I will never forget the kindness of many Granadians and the iNMSOL team, they were always friendly and thouhtfull.... Czytaj dalej...

Gabriel Spinelli Salaro

iNMSOL
5
2019-08-22T11:24:25+02:00

Gabriel Spinelli Salaro

Be in Granada and know the Alhambre were realizations of my dream, but not as important as the fact of passing 2 offical exams (one about business and one about tourism). I will never forget the kindness of many Granadians and the iNMSOL team, they were always friendly and thouhtfull. I could share many information about my city (Santos) and my country (Brazil). Everyone at Inmsol is wonderfully professional. One more time Muchas Gracias.
Course feedback – Spanish school in Granada
When I went to the course, I couldn´t speak Spanish, but during the course I started to speak Spanish and I felt better. The classes were very funny. During the course, we learned Spanish through games, excursions etc. The teachers are very profesional, they are very good with students and... Czytaj dalej...

Ozan Ergun

iNMSOL
5
2019-08-22T11:28:06+02:00

Ozan Ergun

When I went to the course, I couldn´t speak Spanish, but during the course I started to speak Spanish and I felt better. The classes were very funny. During the course, we learned Spanish through games, excursions etc. The teachers are very profesional, they are very good with students and helped us a lot. The school has a central location and is close to the beach. It´s better to learn Spanish in Spain, because you have to speak Spanish here, no one can speak your language, this is the reason why you advance your level very fast. I like Spain very much and I like to come here another year again. 
Course feedback – Spanish school in Granada
Studying at the iNMSOL has been a great experience for me – from the linguistic point of view and my progress in learning Spanish, also due introducing me the culture of Andalusia and all in a warm, friendly and “sunny” atmosphere of the school. People is what makes difference and... Czytaj dalej...

M. Koncova

iNMSOL
5
2019-08-22T11:31:11+02:00

M. Koncova

Studying at the iNMSOL has been a great experience for me – from the linguistic point of view and my progress in learning Spanish, also due introducing me the culture of Andalusia and all in a warm, friendly and “sunny” atmosphere of the school. People is what makes difference and I have to say that I met in Instituto a lot of interesting people coming from many countries of the world – I am sending a big hug especially to Elly and Fred  ; ) my greetings for Juan Luis and Jesus who made our lessons very creative and dynamic a certainly I cannot forget to mention Laura – extraordinarily helpful and enthusiastic assistant  ; )Thx a lot for all guys and hope we gonna see us in Granada this year again! Besos
Course feedback – Spanish school in Granada
I was in Granada for about 10 days. I can tell you that it was really good experience. I wish I had been able to stay there much longer. Being in Spain, in Granada makes you speak Spanish from the first moment you are there. I took intensive Spanish courses... Czytaj dalej...

Fatma Idin

iNMSOL
5
2019-08-22T11:36:10+02:00

Fatma Idin

I was in Granada for about 10 days. I can tell you that it was really good experience. I wish I had been able to stay there much longer. Being in Spain, in Granada makes you speak Spanish from the first moment you are there. I took intensive Spanish courses four hours a day. The first two hours were based on speaking, and the other two were based on grammar. The classes were fun. The teachers were really helpful and friendly. However, you can experience the best Spanish learning in the street, with friends in and out school. I shared a flat with two other friends from other countries and we communicated in Spanish most of the time. They were really nice people, friendly and helpful all the time. Our flat was in the city center and ten minutes to the school. It was well furnished, clean and safe. As to my classmates, they were really fun. We always encouraged each other to speak Spanish. We met after school, organized short trips in and out town, went dancing after school. In Granada you can always find something to do. There are historical places like Alhambra and the Cathedral. If you are interested in flamenco, you can enjoy Sacramonte. You can shop. There are nice stores. You can go out to tapas bars, where you buy a drink and get free starters. Eating out is quite reasonable. You can cook and eat at home as well. Don't worry about the transportation. Actually, you can walk everywhere or take the bus. If you like travelling, you can easily go to other cities at weekends. You can take a coach to Cordoba, Seville etc. at the bus station or take a train. The school organizes excursions to those places at weekends and on...
Course feedback – Spanish school in Granada
I went Granada for 5-6 time via iNMSOL. I think they are  very professional. I found iNMSOL through the website of  Cervantes and lots of  times I've been in Granada via iNMSOL. For the next times lots of my friends went  to Granada and they liked very much both of... Czytaj dalej...

Ilknur Aksu

iNMSOL
5
2019-08-22T11:40:54+02:00

Ilknur Aksu

I went Granada for 5-6 time via iNMSOL. I think they are  very professional. I found iNMSOL through the website of  Cervantes and lots of  times I've been in Granada via iNMSOL. For the next times lots of my friends went  to Granada and they liked very much both of them iNMSOL and  Granada. Especially  in summer season the school is mostly very crowded and the age range differs  from... But everytime I found a friend at my age and I had  lots of friends and  we still see each other for years.. For the first 2 visits  I 've stayed with a  spanish family and I liked them. The family was very warm,  the cooks are  fantastic and the house was very clear. And also still communicating with them. For the other visits I've stayed in a flat with students and they were great  too. We were getting on well, at nights we went out  together, we had traveled together and seeing each other too. The school is doing a leveling exam to define your language  level and they put you a convenient class based on that exam. If the students' age is very small, they put them within a separate class with their own  teachers. Every day of the week they arrange another activity. City  trips, tapas route, cinema day, musical activity, history of spain etc. The teachers are fantastic and they are very good at communicating. And the activities are made by the teachers. These activities are  free. I’ve joined every one when I was able to and don’t miss them. In the weekend Saturday and Sunday they have trips to another cities. Sevilla, Cordoba, Costa Tropical, Alpujarras, Cadiz, even Morocco. These are with fee.But cheaper than the other tours.The guides graduated from Historical sciences and they...
Course feedback – Spanish school in Granada
Hi, If you want to learn Spanish.. Come to Granada to school Institito iNMSOL. All of them they are so nice and helpful. They helped me mucho. If you want to learn spanish in the classes where they are only 3-4 students. Come to Granada. Teachers have quality and much... Czytaj dalej...

Mehmet Gok

iNMSOL
5
2019-08-22T11:43:43+02:00

Mehmet Gok

Hi, If you want to learn Spanish.. Come to Granada to school Institito iNMSOL. All of them they are so nice and helpful. They helped me mucho. If you want to learn spanish in the classes where they are only 3-4 students. Come to Granada. Teachers have quality and much time to practice, conversation and grammaire. Guide of Tourism Istanbul and Nevsehir
Course feedback – Spanish school in Granada
The first thing I have to say is that the staff at iNMSOL is some of the friendliest people I have ever met. They will help you with whatever difficulties or problems you may have. Moreover, if you choose to join some of the trips they arrange, they have knowledge... Czytaj dalej...

Daniel Botnmark

iNMSOL
5
2019-08-22T11:48:02+02:00

Daniel Botnmark

The first thing I have to say is that the staff at iNMSOL is some of the friendliest people I have ever met. They will help you with whatever difficulties or problems you may have. Moreover, if you choose to join some of the trips they arrange, they have knowledge of mostly whatever you need to know. When it comes to Granada for example, they have knowledge both on subjects which tourists need to know, like the history of Alhambra or Garcia Lorca, but also on the funfacts, like who is the creator of the many awesome graphities in the city, where to go for the best tapas, the best flamenco-shows and much more. The staff have been wonderful in giving tips for how to enjoy this fantastic city even more. When it comes to the learning I don't have much to say other than I can assure you that you will learn spanish. The more important thing is what you get for 'free'. You get to know other people from all around the world, you get some free lectures about where the cheapest beer is sold, what cities to visit, and in general tips that make your life a whole lot easier. If you choose to live with a family during the stay(which I think is a great opportunity) you get to see (and experience) how the locals does it. Spanish food, every day? Yes please. Also, if you are staying here for a long time, it is nice to have an acommodation while searching for your own place to stay. If you want much value for your money and have a really  nice time, I think iNMSOL is a really good alternative, and I don't think you'll regret it if you choose to go there.
Course feedback – Spanish school in Granada
In ancient Greek language, it is believed that the language was a gift from the Gods.  People of Greek culture felt a sacred connection in understanding and learning the Greek language. At iNMSOL people are able to relate to teachers with similar respect of the Grecian gods.  When in Granada,... Czytaj dalej...

Christina Andreou

iNMSOL
5
2019-08-22T11:52:16+02:00

Christina Andreou

In ancient Greek language, it is believed that the language was a gift from the Gods.  People of Greek culture felt a sacred connection in understanding and learning the Greek language. At iNMSOL people are able to relate to teachers with similar respect of the Grecian gods.  When in Granada, my experience was similar. As the language of Spanish unfolded, it was a melody of Orfeas.  Ofrea, a Greek God of Sleep would play the flute for people who needed to relax.  My experience, it is similar because while at iNMSOL I was able to travel within the Spanish culture and history with tranquility.
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